I-Hanksugi Tyres - Yaziwa kakhulu umenzi wamasondo weloli uzakhele udumo emhlabeni wonke.
Amathayi e-TBR (Iloli neBus Radial) adlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha emgwaqeni nokusebenza kahle kwezokuthutha. Ukukhiqizwa kwamathayi e-TBR kungaphansi kwemithetho namazinga ahlukahlukene ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yawo, ukusebenza kwawo, nokuhambisana nezidingo zokuphepha. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola imithetho nemigomo ebalulekile elawula ukukhiqizwa kwamasondo e-TBR, anomthelela ekuphepheni nasekuthembekeni kwalezi zingxenye ezibalulekile embonini yezimoto.
Amazinga e-ISO: Imboni yamasondo yomhlaba wonke ithobela isethi yemithetho kanye namazinga asungulwe yi-International Organisation for Standardization (ISO). Lawa mazinga ahlanganisa izici ezihlukahlukene zokukhiqiza amathayi, njengobukhulu, umthamo womthwalo, izici zokusebenza, nezidingo zokuphepha. I-ISO 11845 ihlinzeka ngemihlahlandlela yokulebula nokumaka amathayi e-TBR, iqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi olunembile lwethulwa kubasebenzisi bokugcina. I-ISO 16845 ibeka phansi izindlela zokuhlola zokuhlola ukusebenza kwamathayi e-TBR, okuhlanganisa izilinganiso ezihlobene nokugoqa, ukubamba okumanzi, nokuphuma komsindo. Ukuhlangabezana namazinga e-ISO kubalulekile kubakhiqizi ukuze bathole ukwethembeka kwabo futhi bathole ukufinyelela ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe.
Imithetho ye-ECE: Ngaphezu kwamazinga e-ISO, ukukhiqizwa kwamasondo e-TBR kufanele kuhambisane nemithetho ebekwe yi-United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE). I-ECE Regulation No. 54 inikeza izinqubo ezithile zokuhlola kanye nezidingo zokusebenza zamathayi e-TBR. Ihlanganisa izici ezibalulekile njengosayizi wesondo, inkomba yomthwalo, ukufana, ukubekezela, nokusebenza kwesivinini esikhulu. I-ECE Regulation No. 117 iqinisekisa ukuthi amathayi akhiqizwe izimoto ezithengiswayo ahlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zokungaguquki, ukubamba okumanzi, nokukhipha umsindo. Ukuthobela le mithetho kuyadingeka ukuze abakhiqizi bamathayi be-TBR bathengise imikhiqizo yabo e-European Union nakwamanye amazwe asebenzisa izindinganiso ze-ECE.
E-United States: Ukukhiqizwa kwamathayi e-TBR e-United States kungaphansi kwemithetho ephoqelelwa i-National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). I-Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 119 ibeka izimfuneko zamathayi amasha omoya, okuhlanganisa nalawo asetshenziswa emalolini nasemabhasini. Ihlanganisa izici ezifana nokuhlonza isondo, umthamo womthwalo, ukubekezela, nokusebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu. Abakhiqizi kufanele bahambisane nale mithetho ngaphambi kokuthengisa amathayi abo e-TBR emakethe yase-U.S.
I-China: Njengomunye wabakhiqizi abakhulu nabathengi bamathayi e-TBR, i-China isebenzise isethi yayo yemithetho yokukhiqiza amathayi. Uhulumeni wase-China, ngo-General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection, and Quarantine (AQSIQ), udinga ukuthi abakhiqizi bamathayi be-TBR bathobelane nezinga le-GB/T 10822-2003. Leli zinga licacisa izidingo zobuchwepheshe zamaloli namathayi ebhasi, okuhlanganisa izici ezifana nokwakhiwa, ubukhulu, ukusebenza, nokuphepha. Ukunamathela kuleli zinga kubalulekile ukuze abakhiqizi bamathayi be-TBR bafinyelele emakethe yaseShayina futhi baqinisekise ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yabo.
E-Japan: E-Japan, i-Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism (MLIT) ilawula ukukhiqizwa kwamasondo e-TBR. I-MLIT ibeka izidingo zokusebenza kwesondo, umthamo wokulayisha, ukwakhiwa, nokulebula ngamazinga ahlukahlukene obuchwepheshe. Abakhiqizi kufanele bathobelane nalawa mazinga, njengokucaciswa kwe-JATMA TY, ukuze bathengise amathayi e-TBR e-Japan. Ukwengeza, i-MLIT yenza ukuhlola nokuhlola okuvamile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amathayi e-TBR ahlangabezana nezindinganiso ezidingekayo zokuphepha nekhwalithi.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamasondo e-TBR kubandakanya uchungechunge lwezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho kanye nokugcina amazinga aphezulu. Abakhiqizi bamathayi badlula ezinqubweni eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi ukuze bahlangabezane neziqondiso ezimisiwe. Ake sihlole izinyathelo ezinkulu ezibandakanyekayo kwinqubo yokukhiqiza amathayi e-TBR:
Kafushane, ukukhiqizwa kwamasondo e-TBR kulawulwa kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvumelana, ikhwalithi, nokuhambisana nezindinganiso zokuphepha. Izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe njenge-ISO kanye neziphathimandla zesifunda ezifana ne-ECE zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusunguleni imihlahlandlela yabakhiqizi bamathayi be-TBR emhlabeni wonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithetho kazwelonke emazweni afana ne-United States, i-China, ne-Japan ibhekana nezimfuneko ezithile zesifunda. Ukubambelela kule mithethonqubo, kuhlanganiswe nenqubo yokukhiqiza eqinile ehlanganisa ukuklanywa kwamasondo, ukukhetha impahla eluhlaza, ukwakha amathayi, ukuphulukisa, nokuhlola okuqinile, kwenza ukukhiqizwa kwamasondo e-TBR athembekile naphephile. Ngokuthobela imithetho nezindinganiso, abakhiqizi bamathayi be-TBR bafaka isandla ekuphepheni emgwaqeni nasekusebenzeni kahle kwemboni yezokuthutha yomhlaba wonke.
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